Abstract: A finite-rate surface catalytic reaction model was developed for surface catalytic simulation of SiC materials in high-temperature nonequilibrium dissociated air flows. A heterogeneous finite-rate surface reaction simulation framework was established for four surface catalytic processes—adsorption, desorption, E-R (Eley-Rideal), and L-H (Langmuir-Hinshelwood) reaction mechanisms—and their implementation in a nonequilibrium chemical reaction flow solver was described. Sensitivity analyses were conducted on the reaction parameters to discuss the influence of model parameters on the surface catalytic reactions. Using approximate analytical methods, expressions for surface catalytic recombination coefficients under different dominant reaction conditions were derived, providing a theoretical foundation for experimental data calibration of reaction parameters. Based on the forms of surface catalytic recombination coefficient expressions in different temperature ranges, theoretical analysis, linear regression, and optimization methods were applied to calibrate the parameters of the surface catalytic reaction model, and preliminary validation of the model was carried out. The results show that the established surface catalytic reaction model agrees well with experimental data across different pressure and wall temperature ranges, accurately predicts the OREX stagnation peak heat flux, and the stagnation heat flux predictions along the trajectory are generally in good agreement with flight test data. Finally, the new model was used to calculate the finite catalytic heat flux for the FIRE II configuration, and the results were compared with non-catalytic and fully catalytic scenarios.