Tunable Band Structure of 1D Periodic Graphene-hBN Photonic Crystals

Using the transfer matrix method, we investigate the band structure of one-dimensional （1D） periodic graphene-hBN photonic crystal. The results reveal that, distinct from traditional dielectric photonic crystals, the band structures for transverse electric （TE） and transverse magnetic （TM） modes can be strongly modulated by graphene Fermi energy, hBN thickness, and incident angles. Omnidirectional bandgaps are observed within the high Reststrahlen band （H–RB） of hBN. In addition, anomalous band structures emerge at the upper boundary of hBN’s low Reststrahlen band （L–RB） for TM modes, where switching between forbidden and allowed bands is achieved through dual adjustments of graphene Fermi energy and hBN thickness. Notably, the bandgap width expands significantly with increasing incident angles. These tunable band structures provide critical theoretical insights into light-manipulation mechanisms, paving the way for designing dynamically reconfigurable photonic devices, such as infrared filters and optical switches.