Mesoscopic lattice Boltzmann method for complex gas-liquid-solid flows

Gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow problems widely exist in many fields such as energy and environment, and how to accurately describe fluid interfacial dynamics, fluid-structure interaction on moving boundaries and contact line dynamics are three key challenges in current numerical research. In recent years, the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been widely applied in the simulations of complex multiphase flows due to its special features, and has attracted the attention of many scholars. Based on the development of multiphase flow model and the above key issues, this paper brief reviews the LBMs for gas-liquid-solid flows. We first present the LBMs for gas-liquid and fluid-solid two-phase flows, and then introduce the LBMs for gas-liquid-solid flows based on the categories of gas-liquid two-phase flows. Finally, several classical test problems of multiphase flows are discussed, and the shortcomings of the existing models as well as some future development directions are summarized.